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战“疫”期间,首饰消毒要当心!《人民日报》发布8种消毒剂使用指南(下)

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Online reviews significantly impact consumers' decision-making process and firms' economic outcomes and are widely seen as crucial to the success of online markets. Firms, therefore, have a strong incentive to manipulate ratings using fake reviews. This presents a problem that academic researchers have tried to solve for over two decades and on which platforms expend a large amount of resources. Nevertheless, the prevalence of fake reviews is arguably higher than ever. To combat this, we collect a dataset of reviews for thousands of Amazon products and develop a general and highly accurate method for detecting fake reviews. A unique difference between previous datasets and ours is that we directly observe which sellers buy fake reviews. Thus, while prior research has trained models using laboratory-generated reviews or proxies for fake reviews, we are able to train a model using actual fake reviews. We show that products that buy fake reviews are highly clustered in the product reviewer network. Therefore, features constructed from this network are highly predictive of which products buy fake reviews. We show that our network-based approach is also successful at detecting fake review buyers even without ground truth data, as unsupervised clustering methods can accurately identify fake review buyers by identifying clusters of products that are closely connected in the network. While text or metadata can be manipulated to evade detection, network-based features are more costly to manipulate because these features result directly from the inherent limitations of buying reviews from online review marketplaces, making our detection approach more robust to manipulation. Conflict of interest statement

在上一篇文章中(相关阅读:战“疫”期间,首饰消毒要当心!《人民日报》发布8种消毒剂使用指南(上) ),J先生给大家讲了含氯消毒剂(84消毒液)、含碘类消毒剂、酚类消毒剂、季铵盐类消毒剂、含溴消毒剂、二氧化氯消毒液等不适合给首饰消毒的消毒剂。

那么,有哪些消毒剂相对适合给首饰进行消毒呢?今天,J先生继续来给大家说一说~

相对适合给首饰消毒的消毒剂

醇类消毒剂,就是我们日常生活中常见的酒精类消毒剂,在这次疫情中,官方公布最有效的消毒方法之一就是75%的酒精。

75%的酒精可渗入细菌内部,使细菌的蛋白质凝固,也可使病毒蛋白变性,从而消灭细菌。

在所有消毒剂中,75%的酒精相对较为合适对首饰进行消毒:

贵金属和性质稳定的宝玉石可以用酒精湿巾对表面轻轻擦拭然后迅速用水冲掉再擦干;结构相对复杂的首饰可以把首饰短时间浸入75%的酒精中后迅速取出用水冲洗干净

需要注意的是:

1、酒精消毒不适合所有珠宝首饰

脆弱的有机宝石、表面带吸附性的有机宝石、质地疏松的绿松石、裂隙发育明显的宝石(如祖母绿等)之类具有特殊性质的宝石,理论上都不适合用酒精消毒,尤其是长时间浸泡。

如果特殊情况必要性需要酒精消毒,一定要快速把酒精冲洗掉,然后用柔软的布擦干。

2、不可以过度消毒,消毒频率过高,消毒时间过长都会损伤珠宝首饰。

3、有些方法染色后的宝玉石酒精擦拭或浸泡会掉色(比如青金石)

染色青金石

4、柯巴树脂(石化程度不够、仿琥珀的天然树脂)溶于酒精

柯巴树脂

其它消毒方式

1、高温消毒杀菌

大部分珠宝玉石不适合高温杀菌。

有的宝玉石经过高温后暗淡失光,甚至会脱水碎裂(尤其是有机宝石),开裂,有的宝石高温后会变色,浸蜡玉石表面蜡膜脱落失去光泽和油润度等。

左:逐渐失水的岫玉。右:干燥失水的绿松浸泡到水里表面的气泡。

2、紫外线消毒杀菌

大部分珠宝玉石不适合紫外线杀菌。

医用紫外线杀菌和阳光暴晒对珠宝首饰的损害是一样的, 影响部分玉石光泽和色泽、有的会失水、部分琥珀等宝石会表面炸裂等等。

暴晒或干燥环境导致缅甸血珀表面出现“炸裂”风化纹

消毒防护很重要,不过记得要视情况进行消毒,不要盲目过度消毒。

在给珠宝首饰消毒之前,也要先了解它们的特性,才能保证在不损伤珠宝首饰的前提下消毒。

J先生说:
珠宝因女人的佩戴更加璀璨,但只有在保证安全的前提下,才能让我们安心的美丽~
特殊时期,疫情当前,在后方的我们致敬那些在一线奋斗与奉献的“战士”们的最好方法,就是人人提升自身防护意识。
做好细节上的小事,让国家复工复产、恢复正常秩序的道路上更加稳健!
我们一起加油!

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珠宝做的汪星人,你还能认得出他们吗?

来珠宝匠,花明白的钱,买真的好东西~

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